Pure electric vehicles are an important classification of new energy vehicles. From the perspective of the automotive industry, with the continuous advancement of power battery technology, pure electric vehicles have also achieved rapid development, and gradually move toward industrialization, especially small. The pure electric car is growing rapidly.

Pure electric vehicles have the longest development time in electric vehicles. Since the Americans made the world's first pure electric vehicle in the 1890s, it reached its peak production for the first time in the early 20th century, occupying 40% of the automotive market. Later, due to the invention of the electronic starter and the poor power of pure electric vehicles, the early pure electric vehicle production ended in the mid-1930s and entered the golden age of fuel vehicles; 1974-1975 and 1979-1982 Europe and the United States twice The energy crisis has pushed the development of pure electric vehicles to a new height. At this stage, automotive power electronics has not yet been established, and there is neither a sound scientific theory to guide it nor a high-tech automotive power electronic device. In particular, only lead-acid batteries were available at the time, and lead-acid batteries were large in size, heavy in weight, low in energy density, low in power density, long in charging time, and shorter in each subsequent full-charge range, plus electric drive The system's manufacturing cost is too high and so on. After 1997, most companies' research and development of pure electric vehicles is basically stagnant.

The emergence of the second generation of pure electric vehicles is based on the latest developments in automotive power electronics. Its technical highlights include the invention of high energy density lithium ion batteries, lithium ion capacitors, etc., as well as the development of passenger car electric wheel technology. Practical and so on. Although pure electric vehicles have a certain distance from real commercialization, compared with the first generation of pure electric vehicles, it has made gratifying progress in terms of charging time, driving range, power, and rapid charge and discharge capacity. . Compared with traditional internal combustion engine vehicles and hybrid vehicles and hydrogen fuel vehicles, the second generation of pure electric vehicles also showed a certain "comparative advantage": the control accuracy is higher than that of hybrid vehicles, and the drag coefficient can be reduced to 0.19. The quality is much lower than that of the fuel cell vehicle. The CO2 emission is lower than that of the gasoline vehicle of the same class, and the energy consumption cost during use is lower than that of the gasoline vehicle. Of course, there are still technical bottlenecks and several problems.